See কঠিন on Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "śohoj",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “easy”",
"word": "সহজ"
},
{
"roman": "norom",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “soft”",
"word": "নরম"
},
{
"roman": "ardro",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “soft”",
"word": "আর্দ্র"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कठिन"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Sanskrit कठिन (kaṭhina)",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "কঠোর"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of কঠোর (koṭhōr)",
"name": "dbt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "કઠિન"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati કઠિન (kaṭhin)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "कठिन"
},
"expansion": "Hindi कठिन (kaṭhin)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "कठीण"
},
"expansion": "Marathi कठीण (kaṭhīṇ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಕಠಿನ"
},
"expansion": "Kannada ಕಠಿನ (kaṭhina)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਕਠਿਨ",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Punjabi ਕਠਿਨ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Sanskrit कठिन (kaṭhina). Doublet of কঠোর (koṭhōr). Cognate with Gujarati કઠિન (kaṭhin), Hindi कठिन (kaṭhin), Marathi कठीण (kaṭhīṇ), Kannada ಕಠಿನ (kaṭhina), Punjabi ਕਠਿਨ / کٹھِن (kṭhin).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "koṭhin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "আরও কঠিন",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "সবচেয়ে কঠিন",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"10": "",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "comparative",
"4": "আরও কঠিন",
"5": "superlative",
"6": "সবচেয়ে কঠিন",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "কঠিন • (koṭhin) (comparative আরও কঠিন, superlative সবচেয়ে কঠিন)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"c": "+"
},
"expansion": "কঠিন • (koṭhin) (comparative আরও কঠিন, superlative সবচেয়ে কঠিন)",
"name": "bn-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Bengali",
"lang_code": "bn",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "79 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bengali entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
9,
13
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
11,
17
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
16
]
],
"english": "Hindi is hard to read.",
"roman": "hindi poṛa koṭhin.",
"text": "হিন্দি পড়া কঠিন।",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hard, difficult"
],
"id": "en-কঠিন-bn-adj-tGyzzOgt",
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hard, firm, tough"
],
"id": "en-কঠিন-bn-adj-LG~TGEs0",
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"firm",
"firm"
],
[
"tough",
"tough"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "36 64",
"roman": "śokto",
"sense": "tough",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "শক্ত"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɔʈʰin/",
"note": "Rarh"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkɔʈʰin]",
"note": "Rarh"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔtʰin/",
"note": "Dhaka"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkɔtʰin]",
"note": "Dhaka"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9610 (ben)-Titodutta-কঠিন.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/LL-Q9610_%28ben%29-Titodutta-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8.wav/LL-Q9610_%28ben%29-Titodutta-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/LL-Q9610_%28ben%29-Titodutta-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8.wav/LL-Q9610_%28ben%29-Titodutta-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "কঠিন"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "śohoj",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “easy”",
"word": "সহজ"
},
{
"roman": "norom",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “soft”",
"word": "নরম"
},
{
"roman": "ardro",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “soft”",
"word": "আর্দ্র"
}
],
"categories": [
"Bengali adjectives",
"Bengali doublets",
"Bengali entries with incorrect language header",
"Bengali learned borrowings from Sanskrit",
"Bengali lemmas",
"Bengali terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
"Bengali terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Bengali terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कठिन"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Sanskrit कठिन (kaṭhina)",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "কঠোর"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of কঠোর (koṭhōr)",
"name": "dbt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "કઠિન"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati કઠિન (kaṭhin)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "कठिन"
},
"expansion": "Hindi कठिन (kaṭhin)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "कठीण"
},
"expansion": "Marathi कठीण (kaṭhīṇ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಕಠಿನ"
},
"expansion": "Kannada ಕಠಿನ (kaṭhina)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਕਠਿਨ",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Punjabi ਕਠਿਨ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Sanskrit कठिन (kaṭhina). Doublet of কঠোর (koṭhōr). Cognate with Gujarati કઠિન (kaṭhin), Hindi कठिन (kaṭhin), Marathi कठीण (kaṭhīṇ), Kannada ಕಠಿನ (kaṭhina), Punjabi ਕਠਿਨ / کٹھِن (kṭhin).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "koṭhin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "আরও কঠিন",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "সবচেয়ে কঠিন",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"10": "",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "comparative",
"4": "আরও কঠিন",
"5": "superlative",
"6": "সবচেয়ে কঠিন",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "কঠিন • (koṭhin) (comparative আরও কঠিন, superlative সবচেয়ে কঠিন)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"c": "+"
},
"expansion": "কঠিন • (koṭhin) (comparative আরও কঠিন, superlative সবচেয়ে কঠিন)",
"name": "bn-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Bengali",
"lang_code": "bn",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bengali terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
9,
13
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
11,
17
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
16
]
],
"english": "Hindi is hard to read.",
"roman": "hindi poṛa koṭhin.",
"text": "হিন্দি পড়া কঠিন।",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hard, difficult"
],
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hard, firm, tough"
],
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"firm",
"firm"
],
[
"tough",
"tough"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɔʈʰin/",
"note": "Rarh"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkɔʈʰin]",
"note": "Rarh"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔtʰin/",
"note": "Dhaka"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkɔtʰin]",
"note": "Dhaka"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9610 (ben)-Titodutta-কঠিন.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/LL-Q9610_%28ben%29-Titodutta-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8.wav/LL-Q9610_%28ben%29-Titodutta-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/LL-Q9610_%28ben%29-Titodutta-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8.wav/LL-Q9610_%28ben%29-Titodutta-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "śokto",
"sense": "tough",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "শক্ত"
}
],
"word": "কঠিন"
}
Download raw JSONL data for কঠিন meaning in All languages combined (3.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.